Free Essays on Epistomolgy

‘LOGOS’ – means word Epistà §mà § = Knowledge Epistemology = the study of knowledge HOW DO I KNOW FOR SURE? (Contrasted with doxa = which is a belief or mere opinion) (How) can doxa (an opinion) = be Epistà §mà § (knowledge)? Knowledge = justified true belief (universally true). Doxa can be justified belief. 3 necessary conditions for knowledge: 1. Belief – (yours/mine) 2. Truth – (it is true) 3. Justification – (you/me justified in believing the truth) In philosophy there are 2 kinds if knowledge: Knowing How vs. Knowing That To do something â€Å"know-how†.Cannot be fully verbalizedEg:- your own way of doing things. It is not what epistà §mà § refers to. Propositional truth – truth in an idea.(propose – idea, offer)It can be fully verbalized. Declaratives, statements, propositions: the kinds of things we say. 1. Interrogative (question). Is that a door? Are you sure? 2. Explanative (!) What a nice car! Kinds of statements 3. Imperative (order) Shut that door. Each statement supposes that something is true BUT after saying all those statements, the question â€Å"Is that true† doesn’t follow. Invalid. That’s why this cannot apply to epistemology because these 3 statements leave no room for doubt. Already supposes something is true. * Only declarative statement CAN possess â€Å"truth-value†. E.g.: this is door. Difference is, in declarative, you can ask â€Å"Is that true?† therefore declarative. Components of any argument MUST be declarative statements. You cannot order, exclaim, or question within a philosophical argument. One other kind of statement that seems like a declarative statement but it’s not. (But not declarative sentences or â€Å"pseudo-statements† such as: men are from Mars; Women are from Venus (!) Cannot form part of an argument because it is an exaggeration... Free Essays on Epistomolgy Free Essays on Epistomolgy ‘LOGOS’ – means word Epistà §mà § = Knowledge Epistemology = the study of knowledge HOW DO I KNOW FOR SURE? (Contrasted with doxa = which is a belief or mere opinion) (How) can doxa (an opinion) = be Epistà §mà § (knowledge)? Knowledge = justified true belief (universally true). Doxa can be justified belief. 3 necessary conditions for knowledge: 1. Belief – (yours/mine) 2. Truth – (it is true) 3. Justification – (you/me justified in believing the truth) In philosophy there are 2 kinds if knowledge: Knowing How vs. Knowing That To do something â€Å"know-how†.Cannot be fully verbalizedEg:- your own way of doing things. It is not what epistà §mà § refers to. Propositional truth – truth in an idea.(propose – idea, offer)It can be fully verbalized. Declaratives, statements, propositions: the kinds of things we say. 1. Interrogative (question). Is that a door? Are you sure? 2. Explanative (!) What a nice car! Kinds of statements 3. Imperative (order) Shut that door. Each statement supposes that something is true BUT after saying all those statements, the question â€Å"Is that true† doesn’t follow. Invalid. That’s why this cannot apply to epistemology because these 3 statements leave no room for doubt. Already supposes something is true. * Only declarative statement CAN possess â€Å"truth-value†. E.g.: this is door. Difference is, in declarative, you can ask â€Å"Is that true?† therefore declarative. Components of any argument MUST be declarative statements. You cannot order, exclaim, or question within a philosophical argument. One other kind of statement that seems like a declarative statement but it’s not. (But not declarative sentences or â€Å"pseudo-statements† such as: men are from Mars; Women are from Venus (!) Cannot form part of an argument because it is an exaggeration...

Mutually Exclusive

Mutually Exclusive Mutually Exclusive Mutually Exclusive By Maeve Maddox A reader asks, Could you write a piece on the use of the term â€Å"mutually exclusive†? I always get a little befuddled when someone says, â€Å"This and that are not mutually exclusive.† I have to stop and do the math to make sure I follow. The expression â€Å"mutually exclusive† is used in statistics to refer to events that cannot occur at the same time. For example, with $10 in my pocket, I go into a store intending to buy a battery and a jump drive, but each item costs $10. I can buy the battery or I can buy the jump drive, but not both. The purchases are â€Å"mutually exclusive.† Writers use the term when discussing subjects that seem to be so opposed in nature as to be incapable of coexisting but which, in their opinion, can in fact do so. For example: Feminism and Christianity dont have to be mutually exclusive. Interpretation: Feminism, which advocates the equality of the sexes, is being contrasted with Christianity, a patriarchal religion that teaches female submission. Privacy and Security Are Not Mutually Exclusive. Interpretation: Security, in the sense of government defenses that rely on surveillance and data gathering, is being contrasted with privacy, the condition of being free from public attention. Are Religion and Science mutually exclusive? Interpretation: Religion, which requires adherents to believe in events that defy the laws of physics, is contrasted with science, which insists on physical proofs before belief. The Germans don’t see brains and brawn as mutually exclusive. Interpretation: â€Å"All brawn and no brains† is an idiom that reflects the popular belief that athletic qualities and intelligence are not to be found in the same person. The statement, from a sports site, posits the idea that intelligence can be expected of athletes. Three other common expressions that use the adverb mutually to mean a reciprocal action or status are: mutually beneficial: good for both parties. Example: After 1940,  Mexico  and the  United States  slowly crafted a  mutually beneficial  relationship. mutually delighted: good feelings on each side. Example: By the end of their first term together, in the spring of 1874, it was  clear  that teacher and pupil were  mutually delighted.   mutually assured destruction: a state of hostility in which two equally strong opponents are capable of destroying one another in open conflict. Example: Fifty years ago this week the idea of mutually assured nuclear destruction was outlined in a major speech. But how did this frightening concept of the Cold War fade from peoples psyches? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Passed vs Past"Gratitude" or "Gratefulness"?Supervise vs. Monitor